Posts Tagged ‘odd’
Friday, November 20th, 2009
Overview of the Vertices of a Graph
Description
A detailed tutorial on the vertices of a grpah. Step by step tutorial including several examples of the vertices of a graph for reference.
Overview
The vertices of a graph are the number of lines extending from points on the graph. This is not the total number of edges – it is the number of edges extending from each point all added together. Each point has at least one vertex. Not every single point can have an odd number of vertices, and all the vertices cannot add up to an odd number, or it is not considered to be the graph of a function.
Tags: add, discrete math, edges, even, extending, function, graph, line, odd, point, vertex, vertices
Posted in Discrete Math | No Comments »
Tuesday, November 10th, 2009
How to Make Factor Trees
Description
A detailed tutorial on how to make factor trees. Step by step tutorial including several examples on how to make factor trees for reference.
Overview
A factor tree is a type of tree diagram that splits numbers into their factors. It is a very useful method of simplification. First, start with a number and draw two lines from it. Two numbers that when multiplied equal your first number need to go there. A great number to start with is 2, if your number is an even number. you can start with any two numbers you like, provided they fit the guidelines, excluding anything paired with the number one – because then you won’t get anywhere. Then for each of your two numbers, if they are not simplified, you do the same process with them. Keep it up until you are down to simplified, or prime, numbers. You will know you have reached one when the only multiples are one and itself.
Tags: algebra, diagram, even, factor, itself, multiple, number, odd, one, prime, simplification, simplified, simplify, tree, two
Posted in Algebra | No Comments »
Thursday, October 29th, 2009
Overview of Symmetric Relations
Description
A detailed tutorial on the property of symmetric relations. Step by step tutorial including several examples of symmetric relations for reference.
Overview
A symmetric relation can be mathematically defined as for all x, y, and z belonging to A, if x R y and y R z, then x R z. In this statement, A is a set, and R is a relation of that set. An empty set is considered to be symmetric. Since a symmetric relation is defined by a conditional sentence, a proof for the symmetric property of relations would be written as a direct proof.
Tags: conditional, direct, discrete math, empty, equal, equivalence, married, odd, proof, property, r, relation, set, symmetric, x, y
Posted in Discrete Math | No Comments »
Tuesday, October 20th, 2009
How to Write Proofs by Exhaustion
Description
A detailed tutorial on writing proofs by exhaustion. Step by step tutorial including several examples of how to write proofs by exhaustion for reference.
Overview
A proof by exhaustion is one of the easier types of proofs to write. All this proof involves is testing cases – every case possible for what you are trying to prove. This can be made easier by using variables instead of numbers, or by testing for an even number and odd number, positive and negative number, etc. That way you do not have to test many numbers in order to prove. If even one of the cases does not work out, then whatever you are testing for has been disproven.
Tags: cases, discrete math, disproven, even, exhaustion, Math, method, negative, odd, positive, possibilities, proof, proofs, proven, variable, write
Posted in Discrete Math | No Comments »
Thursday, October 1st, 2009
Definition of a Rhodonea Curve
Description
A detailed tutorial of the definition of a rhodonea curve. Step by step tutorial including several visual examples of rhodonea curves for reference.
Overview
Rhodonea curves, also known as rose curves, are one of the most common patterns to find in the graph of polar coordinates. Rhodonea curves have an easy pattern to follow. A rhodonea curve is formed when you have the equation 
If k is an odd number, then that is the exact number of “petals” the rhodonea curve will have. If k is an even number, then the rhodonea curve will have twice that many “petals”. There are many different forms and varieties of rhodonea curves.
Tags: Calculus, even, forms, Math, odd, pattern, petals, polar coordinates, polar equation, polar graph, rhodonea curves, rose curves, varieties
Posted in Calculus | No Comments »
Thursday, October 1st, 2009
Introduction to Fermat’s Last Theorem
Description
A detailed tutorial of Fermat’s Last Theorem. Step by step tutorial including several examples of Fermat’s Last Theorem for reference.
Overview
Fermat’s Last Theorem is one of the most well known mathematical theorems. Fermat’s Last Theorem states that no three positive integers a, b, and c can satisfy the equation a^n + b^n = c^n for any integer value of n greater than 2. Notice that the pattern for this theorem follows the Pythagorean theorem. This theorem had to be proved for odd prime numbers, as Fermat had only left that there was the special instance of n = 4 that works for this equation. Fermat first came up with the problem in 1637, but it was not solved until 1995. This theorem led to the developement of both algebraic number theory and the proof of the modularity theorem.
Tags: a, algebraic number theory, Andrew Wiles, b, c, Calculus, Fermat's Last Theorem, integers, Math, modularity theorem, n!, numbers, odd, Pierre de Fermat, positive, prime, pythagorean theorem
Posted in Calculus | No Comments »
Thursday, September 24th, 2009
The History of the Number Zero
Description
A detailed tutorial on the history of the number zero. Step by step tutorial including several citations of the history of the number zero for reference.
Overview
Zero is a number we’ve heard about a lot. It’s not a counting number, it’s not negative or positive, it’s not even or odd. It’s not a prime number, it doesn’t even really fit the definitions of a real number or a whole number although it is considered to be both. It is certainly one of the most interesting numbers you can work with. In writing, 0 is distinguished from the capital letter O by either being a bit smaller or having a bit more of an oval shape. Often when handwriting as opposed to typing a line will be drawn through the zero, although this can be confused with an empty set if you are learning set theory. The name zero came from several different lanuages, in which words similar to zero translated to “is empty” “nothing”, and “void”. When doing calculations you must be sure to know the difference between 0 and NaN – “not a number”. Often things that look like they should be zero (0 / 0, for example) are really not numbers at all.
Tags: 0, arithmetic, empty, even, Math, NaN, negative, nil, not a number, nothing, nought, null, number, odd, oh, positive, prime, real, void, whole, zero
Posted in Arithmetic | No Comments »
Tuesday, September 22nd, 2009
Definition of a Prime Number
Description
A detailed tutorial on the solving of prime numbers. Step by step tutorial including several examples of what a prime number is and the definition of a prime number for reference.
Overview
A prime number is a type of number you will hear a lot about. It is any number greater than 1 that is not divisible by anything other than itself and one. This also tells us that it must be a positive number – there are no negative numbers that are greater than 1. Also, except for one prime number, only odd numbers can be prime numbers. This is because all even numbers are divisible by 2. So the only even prime number is 2, which is only divisible by itself and 1. Examples of prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13. You can easily check to see if a larger number is a prime number by using algebra tricks for divisibility. Remember that it must divide evenly – if you get a known fraction or decimal then it is considered to not be divisible by that number.
Tags: decimal, divisibility, even, fraction, greater than 1, Math, non-divisible, number, odd, positive, prime, prime numbers, real, whole
Posted in Arithmetic | No Comments »
